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Milos des Cyclades

Daskalopetra Daskalopetra

The Daskalopetra rock, which is located at Daskalopetra beach in the area of Vrontado, is one of the island’s most well-known monuments. Tradition links it with Homer and is considered to be the School of the great poet.

Chios is one of the seven cities (Izmir, Chios, Colophon, Ithaca, Pyrgos, Argos, and Athens) that are claiming Homer's origin. It has the most possibilities given that there are valid testimonies by a number of ancient writers and poets.

The Daskalopetra rock, which is a sightseeing attraction, has provoked vivid interest and various interpretations. Others link it to Homer, whereas others consider it to be the altar of a pagan god. Despite the wear it has sustained, archaeologists identify the cubic elevation at the top of the rock having characteristics of a monolithic monument, to be the temple of goddess Cybele, the Great Mother, who was worshiped in ancient Chios.

Emborio Archaeological site Emborio Archaeological site

At the steep slopes of Prophet Elias hill, in the seaside settlement of Emborios, archaeological excavations have brought to light ruins of a settlement dating back to the early historical years of the 8th century B.C. that had been strategically been built for sea communication given that from the said position the shores of Asia Minor, Samos and Ikaria could be seen.

The upward climb is tiring, but the view of the Aegean from the archaeological site’s refreshment bar as well as the archaeological findings is well worth it.

At the plateau section of the hill, slightly lower than the highest peak, at a 250m elevation is the settlement’s fortified Acropolis with the Megaron (the leader’s seat) and the altar of the Temple dedicated to Athena. Outside the Acropolis, on the steep slope of the hill is the main settlement with over 50 houses built on spacious level ground. Yet another sacred temple has been excavated on the South side of the Emporio harbour.

Temple of Phanaios Apollo

Located on a low hill at the leeward bay of Phana are the remnants of the Temple of Phanaios Apollo. Nowadays, the small chapel of Saint Theodore stands in the same position.

The term “Phanaios” corresponds to the fact that Delos, Apollo’s birthplace, was revealed to Leto, hence, this is why it is considered the Delion of Chios.

Remnants of the temple built at the end of the 6th century B.C. as well as the sections of the perivolos (enclosure) have been preserved.

The Temple of Phanaios Apollo was not only important for Chios, but for Ionia in general. It was famous even to the Egyptians and this is evident from the series of Egyptian scarabs that were found during the excavations.

Rimokastro Rimokastro

On the plateau of Mt. Aipos, above the Vrontado settlement, remnants of farming and stock raising facilities dating back to the Classic period (5th – 1st century BC) have been preserved. It is remarkable that in some cases the ancient foundations of the retaining walls and fences have been preserved in situ and are used for the same purpose throughout the centuries.

The visitor is able to see the entire archaeological site from two points, Rimokastro and Astyfidolakko, where two spectator stands have been constructed and information boards have been placed. Those who love hiking can walk from one point to the other, along a specially marked path. The total distance is 4.5km.

The farming and stock raising facilities on Mt. Aipos were organised along the “Ellininostrata” route, the ancient trail with strategic meaning, which connected the Eastern coastal section with the northern and western coastal sections and was in use up until the middle of the last century.

Cultivation and farming is verified from ancient up until more recent times. Remnants of farming and stock raising facilities have been excavated in the areas of Rimokastro, Kambouri Gyrisma, Evriaki; although there are archaeological indications of similar facilities in other areas of the broader levelled region.

The large stone piles known as “Soroi tis Grias” are mainly located in the area of Astyfidolakkos and are the result of laborious and ever-lasting efforts to claim the land over the centuries for the purpose of cultivating land, which today appears completely arid. The cultivated areas were protected by large stone walls known as gyrismata (turnings) in order to deter the grazing animals from entering. Large water tanks that collected rain water covered the needs of both humans and animals consumption.

The most significant building complex is that of the Rimokastro built above the gorge of the Krikeli torrent, better known as “Agriou”. The main building complex which was most probably the owner’s residence has a symmetrical plan and sheltered areas on either side of the central quadrangular yard along the EW axis. It is most probable that the SE apartment was an architecturally designed tower that was common of homesteads in the 4th century BC. Ancillary buildings and a large, well-cared-for tanks served the various farming and inhabitants’ needs. There is evidence that the area was in use up until the turn of the 5th century to the 4th century BC, thus, up until the Roman periods, whilst there are also findings that the area had not been totally deserted until the Byzantine periods.

According to researchers, evidence of the area’s farming and stock-raising was linked to a case in Chian history, which borders on fiction. It concerns the revolt of the island’s slaves with Drimako as their leader; literary testimonies date this between 600 BC to the 4th century BC. The revolting slaves fled to the mountains where they established themselves for a while. The “State” of these slaves created its own rules, whereas Drimakos, their leader, was rewarded for acting in a just manner not only towards his fellow slaves, but also towards his former masters and a monument was erected on his grave declaring him a “Benevolent Hero”. Other researchers point out that the appearance of the homesteads on Mt Aipos do not reflect the temporary characteristics that would be expected from revolutionists’ facilities that are in a continuous “warring” state and usually under persecution. The completion of the excavations in the area is expected to shed light on these speculations.

 
L'île de Chios
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